Forbes contributors publish independent expert analyses and insights. Dr. Lance B. Eliot is a world-renowned AI scientist and consultant. In today’s column, I closely examine an innovative way of ...

What if you could predict the future, not with a crystal ball, but with math? In this guide, Veritasium explains how a 120-year-old concept called Markov chains has become a silent force shaping ...

We consider a singularly perturbed (finite state) Markov chain and provide a complete characterization of the fundamental matrix. In particular, we obtain a formula for the regular part simpler than a ...