CMOS current mirrors are pivotal in modern electronic circuitry, providing accurate current replication that is essential for biasing, amplification and active loading in a myriad of integrated ...

It has long been known that the simple combination of a depletion-mode MOSFET (and before these were available, a JFET) and a resistor made a simple, serviceable current source such as that seen on ...

Voltage conveyors and current conveyors represent two pivotal active building blocks in contemporary analog circuit design. Their unique signal processing capabilities allow for efficient voltage ...

Low-voltage circuit breakers are predominant in virtually every electrical power system. Several years ago, Shermco Industries surveyed NETA-accredited companies for the IEEE Electrical Safety ...

Current sources are widely used in industrial control systems to transport analog process signals over long distances, but they are less widely used than voltage sources. This post loosely reviews the ...

Troubleshooting refrigeration equipment often requires measuring various electrical properties such as voltages, current flows, and resistances. Understanding these basic electrical fundamentals and ...