Enamel formation, or amelogenesis, is an intricate developmental process in which specialised epithelial cells known as ameloblasts secrete enamel matrix proteins and orchestrate the mineralisation of ...

Dot and cross diagrams help us to model when ions are formed from atoms. Here’s an example using sodium and chlorine. They form ions which bond to form sodium chloride. 2. Work out how many electrons ...

Solid-state batteries could be safer and more energy-dense than today’s lithium-ion technology, but finding materials that allow ions to move quickly through solid electrolytes has been difficult.

Caught in a trap: the nanophotonic cavity used to create the ytterbium ion qubit. (Courtesy: Faraon lab/Caltech) Ions trapped nanoscale optical cavities could be used to distribute entangled quantum ...