Interleukin cytokines, notably interleukin-22 (IL-22), play multifaceted roles in modulating the immune response. Their dual functionality—balancing protective tissue repair and mediating inflammatory ...

Cell cycle checkpoint-related genes (CCCRGs) are implicated in the development and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, their precise roles and underlying mechanisms remain ...

Age-related and postmenopausal breast cancer progression remains a significant challenge, with growing evidence pointing to the role of pro-inflammatory cytokines and CXC chemokines in tumor ...

Cytokines are a diverse group of small proteins produced and released by various cells. These molecules play a crucial role in regulating the immune system, communicating with it to modulate the ...

“We’re witnessing a renaissance in cytokine targeting,” says Dr. Emily Rhodes, immunologist at the Stanford Institute for Translational Medicine. “And TNF-α is still the most contested—and the most ...

Cytokines are key to immune regulation. Their extensive impact on human biology and disease has led to their long-term therapeutic use in treating cancer and a range of other diseases. Interleukin-2 ...